Cervical cancer is the leading cancer in Indian women and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Pap tests are very important tests to find abnormal cells on your cervix that could lead to cervical cancer.
What causes cervical cancer?
Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by infection with HPV. HPV is a virus that enters cells and can cause them to change. HPV is passed from person to person during sexual activity.
How is the Pap test done?
In this minor procedure, with the help of a tiny spatula or brush, cells are collected from your cervix (lower portion of the uterus) and are sent to a laboratory for check up. And, for some women, an HPV test is also done using these cells.
It only takes a few minutes and it may cause very little discomfort.
Do all women need a Pap Test?
You should start getting your Pap Tests from the age you are sexually active or advised by your doctor.
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- Women aged 21–29 years should have a Pap test alone every 3 years. HPV testing is not recommended.
- Women aged 30–65 years should have a Pap test alone every 3 years or a Pap test and an HPV test (co-testing) every 5 years (preferred).
When should you stop having cervical cancer screening?
You should stop having cervical cancer screening after age 65 years if
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- You do not have a history of moderate or severe abnormal cervical cells or cervical cancer, and
- You have had either three negative Pap test results in a row.
What next if the Pap test is abnormal?
An abnormal result does not mean that you have cancer,but If you have an abnormal result, follow ups are needed by form of repeat testing or in some cases by colposcopy and cervical biopsy .
Are there any vaccines to prevent cervical cancer?
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- All girls of 11–12 years should be vaccinated by HPV vaccines , but it can be given through 26 years of age.
- For girls who receive their first dose of HPV vaccine before 15 years of age, only two doses are needed. The timing of the two doses is 0 (baseline) and 6–12 months.If females receive their first dose at 15 years of age or older, three doses are needed and given at 0 (baseline), 1–2 months after the first dose, and 6 months after the first dose.
Cervical cancer is a serious concern, but early detection through Pap tests and the HPV vaccine can significantly reduce the risk. Stay proactive with regular screenings and vaccinations to protect your health.
